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IES RP-8

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Purpose and Scope The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide recommendations for the design of fixed lighting for parking facilities. This chapter deals entirely with lighting and does not give advice on construction. It provides recommendations for designing new lighting systems for parking facilities; it is not intended to be applied to existing lighting systems until such systems are redesigned. This document represents current good practice. The recommendations herein include interior and exterior lighting design for the reasonably safe movement of vehicular and pedestrian traffic in parking facilities, the enhancing of personal safety and security, and the deterrence of vandalism and theft while optimizing energy use and minimizing maintenance. The application of these recommendations may vary from the recommendations themselves, based on sound engineering judgment (see Section 17.3.3.4 Security Lighting). The guidelines provided in this chapter exclude recommendations for public roads (see Chapter 10 – Highways and Interchanges and Chapter 11 – Street Lighting), and for bikeways and walkways (see Chapter 11). Environmental issues (light trespass, light pollution, stray light, glare, and control of light) are covered in detail in Chapter 4 – Obtrusive Light. Lighting recommendations for when security is an issue are covered in IES G-1-22, Guide for Security Lighting for People, Property, and Critical Infrastructure.1 This chapter does not deal with garages for vehicle repair or new-car storage. Also excluded from this chapter: • Computer-controlled, automated vehicle parking facilities that utilize mechanical means to store and retrieve vehicles in an unoccupied storage vault • Curb parking along streets  • Single-family residential parking pads and garages The illuminance requirements of a parking facility are affected by the layout and operation of the facility, vehicular traffic safety issues, and the visibility and security needs of pedestrians walking to or from their vehicles. There are significant differences between lots and garages. Garages usually require supplemental daytime illumination in aboveground facilities, and full day and night lighting for underground facilities. Lower illuminance levels are possible in an outdoor surface lot, as the eye is adapted to a much darker environment than in a covered parking facility, where reflectance of walls and ceilings affect visual adaptation. Types of lighting equipment, security aspects, and illuminance needs are significantly different between lots and garages. Therefore, the balance of this chapter has been divided into three parts: • Definitions and general considerations: Sections 17.2 and 17.3  • Parking lots and top (open) parking decks of garages: Section 17.4  • Parking garages: Section 17.5 Illuminance recommendations for active parking facilities open to customers, employees, or the general public are given in Sections 17.4 and 17.5. The illuminance shall be measured and calculated in accordance with the guidance provided in Chapter 3 – Calculations for vehicle-free pavement.

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